Research on the Optimization of Wushu Teaching Methods in Primary Schools based on Xiang Qun Theory

Abstract

This study, grounded in Xiang Qun theory, investigates the effects of an optimized Wushu teaching method on the learning outcomes and physical fitness of children aged 9–10. A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 42 third-grade students from Li Yuan Central School in Shanxi Province, randomly assigned to an experimental  group  P = 21  and  a  control  group  P  = 21  .  The  experimental group received an optimized teaching method based on  Xiang  Qun  theory (integrating situational  teaching,  peer-assisted  learning,   physical   conditioning, and  interest cultivation), while the control group received traditional instruction. After an 18-week teaching  experiment,  results  showed  that  the   experimental group   significantly outperformed  the  control  group  in  Wushu  routine performance (8.032±0.793 vs. 7.393±0.691, p < 0.01, Cohen’s d=0.87). In terms of physical  fitness,  the  experimental  group    demonstrated     significant improvements  in  sit-and-reach  22.143 ± 3.005????. 18.809 ± 4.082, P < 0.01, P = 0.94  and one-minute rope skipping 100.857 ± 9.372????. 95.381 ± 6.644, P < 0.05, P   = 0.73   compared   to   the   control   group.   The optimized   teaching method—which  applies  Xiang  Qun  theory   by   transforming training methods from sports within the same event group (e.g., rhythmic gymnastics, figure skating) into Wushu teaching strategies—effectively enhances primary school students’ Wushu  learning  outcomes  and  physical  qualities  such  as   flexibility, coordination, and muscular endurance, offering new perspectives for the reform of primary school Wushu instruction.