Teachers’ Knowledge in HOTS (TKHOTS) Instrument: Content Validity Index

Abstract

This study examines the content validity of the Teachers' Knowledge in Higher Order Thinking Skills Instrument (TKHOTS) for Malaysian secondary teachers by calculating the Content Validity Index (CVI), which includes CVI for the item (I-CVI) and CVI for scale (S-CVI). We appointed three professional university experts to validate the instrument. The instrument involved 63 items with three main domains. The I-CVI for all the items of the three domains ranged from 0.75 to 1. The average of S-CVI for domain planning, implementation and evaluation were 1, 0.95 and 0.99, respectively. The overall S-CVI was above 0.80, which indicated high content validity of the items and proved that TKHOTS has a great potential to be promoted as the best instrument to measure teachers' knowledge in HOTS teaching and learning. However, more following analysis, including reliability, construct validity, and criterion-related validity, should be implemented to better the instrument's applicability.