Technological Innovations in Welding Education: A Review of Teaching and Learning Approaches

Abstract

Welding education is undergoing a significant transformation due to the integration of advanced technologies such as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and robotic automation, aligning with the demands of Industry Revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0). This study utilized a systematic review through the Scopus database to investigate the incorporation of these technological innovations into welding training. The focus was on identifying how these technologies enhance the learning experience beyond traditional methods, emphasizing practical skills in immersive, cost-effective environments without safety risks. The results from the review highlight that VR and AR not only revolutionize the way welding skills are taught by simulating realistic scenarios but also improve student engagement and understanding. Additionally, robotic systems prepare students for the automation prevalent in modern industries, while eLearning platforms extend educational reach beyond conventional classroom settings, promoting flexible, self-paced learning. The adoption of VR, AR, and automation in welding education enhances both the effectiveness of teaching and the quality of learning, ensuring students are well-prepared for a technologically advanced workforce. This shift towards technology-driven education is critical for developing a workforce capable of meeting the evolving needs of contemporary manufacturing sectors.