Exploring Key Factors in Mentoring Relationships in Malaysian Higher Education Institutions: A Case Study of Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

Abstract

This study explores the factors influencing mentoring relationships in Malaysian higher education institutions (HEIs) from both mentors’ and mentees’ perspectives. Using a qualitative single case study, data were collected from 12 participants—six experienced mentors and six new academic staff—through semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis revealed four key themes: informal mentorship dynamics, emotional bonding, affective encouragement, and an integrated collegial environment. Findings highlight the crucial role of emotional bonding, particularly in same-gender informal mentoring, in fostering effective relationships. Additionally, mentor-mentee matching, gender roles, and local cultural norms significantly shape mentorship experiences. The study underscores the need for mentorship programs that incorporate inclusivity, cultural sensitivity, and open dialogue to ensure meaningful interactions. By strengthening emotional reinforcement and collegial ties, Malaysian HEIs can enhance mentoring programs, facilitating the professional development and acclimation of new academic staff. Grounded in attachment theory, this research provides valuable insights into fostering positive mentoring relationships, offering guidance for structured, culturally attuned programs that support long-term career success.