Identifying 21st-Century Approaches in the Teaching and Learning of Language Subjects – A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

This study aims to identify 21st-century approaches used in the teaching and learning of language subjects through a systematic literature review. With the rapid advancement of technology and evolving educational needs, traditional language teaching methods have become less effective in meeting the demands of contemporary students. This study examines various modern approaches, including project-based learning (PBL), flipped learning, the integration of technology and digital tools, gamification, and collaborative elements within language teaching. Through an analysis of literature from various empirical studies, the findings indicate that 21st-century approaches not only enhance student engagement and motivation but also enrich their learning experiences through deeper interactions, the development of critical thinking and problem-solving skills, and improved communication abilities. The collaborative elements in language teaching foster cooperation and interaction among students, allowing them to learn from one another and develop social skills. Additionally, the integration of technology in language teaching enables more flexible learning with greater accessibility, allowing students to learn at their own pace and access learning materials from anywhere. In conclusion, 21st-century approaches in language teaching and learning equip students with relevant skills to navigate the challenges of the modern era, making learning more effective and meaningful.