From Aliff to Ya: Exploring the Challenges of Jawi Literacy in Early Learners and How to Cope it

Abstract

Historically, Jawi functioned as the primary writing system across the Malay Archipelago, stemming from Arabic script. However, modern educational trends indicate a decline in Jawi literacy, as young learners perceive it as complex, leading to reduced participation and inadequate proficiency. This conceptual research examined multiple factors contributing to early learners’ challenges in acquiring Jawi literacy skills. The study synthesized findings from language acquisition, script recognition, and cultural education to explore how script complexity, limited exposure to trained educators, and the decline in societal use of Jawi collectively hinder learning. Additionally, the paper critically analyzed modern educational methodologies, highlighting disparities between traditional classroom approaches and contemporary learner needs. This research developed a culturally responsive, child-centered framework, incorporating phonological awareness techniques, digital resources, and narrative-based instruction to enhance Jawi literacy acquisition. The findings underscored the importance of adaptive teaching strategies, demonstrating that educators who address literacy barriers through innovative methods can create a more effective learning environment, ensuring the continued relevance of Jawi for future generations.