Child Rights in Islam, the International Convention on the Rights of the Child, and their Applications in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Abstract

This study explores children’s rights in Saudi Arabia, emphasizing their importance in both global and Islamic contexts. Rooted in Islamic teachings that advocate for child protection, Saudi Arabia has sought to align its legal framework with international standards, especially after joining the Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1996. The research analyzes how well the Kingdom’s legal system supports children’s rights in light of Islamic principles and international obligations. It identifies key challenges—legal, social, and cultural—that hinder effective implementation. Using a qualitative literature review method, the study examines religious texts, academic literature, legal documents, and data from credible sources such as government entities and UNICEF. Findings show that Saudi legislation reflects broad compatibility with international norms, particularly in guaranteeing children’s rights to life, education, and healthcare. The study also highlights legislative progress, notably the enactment of the Child Protection Law in 2014. However, gaps remain in enforcement, influenced by cultural factors and local practices, especially regarding family roles and the protection of vulnerable groups like refugee children. This research contributes to academic discussions on children’s rights from both Islamic and international viewpoints and offers a foundation for future studies aimed at enhancing Saudi child protection laws and policies