The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Developing Critical Thinking among Science Students: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in learning encourages active student engagement and promotes creative, systematic, and logical thinking. This study aims to explore the role of AI in enhancing critical thinking among science students through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). This literature review follows the PRISMA model, analyzing 18 articles from various databases such as Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), and Springer Link, the study identifies two main approaches: AI as a support tool in developing students' critical thinking and the use of AI in Problem-Based Learning. The findings indicate that AI has the potential to enhance student understanding, motivation, and engagement through broad access to information and interactive learning experiences. However, there are challenges such as over-reliance on technology, ethical issues, and inequality in access. Therefore, further research is needed to strategically integrate AI with traditional teaching methods to effectively and inclusively support the development of critical thinking.