Assessment Method of Teaching Physics in Secondary & High School: A Review

Abstract

This article review focuses on various assessment methods used in secondary and high school in physics education by examining studies published in prominent journals from 2021 until 2025 and groups them under four main themes; Cognitive and Conceptual Understanding Assessments, Formative and Diagnostic Assessments, Technology-Enhanced Assessments, and Practical, Performance-Based, and Alternative Assessments. This review reveals that cognitive assessments are useful for identifying how students thinks and how well they understand key concepts. Formative and diagnostic tools offer insights into students’ learning progress and identify misconceptions. Technology-based assessments make feedback more interactive and increase student involvement. Performance-based and alternative assessment give students the chance to apply knowledge in real-world contexts. The result of recent studies suggest that relying on just one type of assessment is not enough. Instead, using a mix of assessment methods provide a more complete picture of student learning. It also helps teachers adjust their instruction more effectively. A variety of assessment practices not only increase academic outcomes but also encourage deeper thinking, personal reflection and better preparation for future study and professional paths in STEM.