The Impacts of Bilingualism Learning Strategies in Science Education: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

Globalization has a profound effect on the way humans interact, share values and maintain their respective identities. The bilingualism approach allows the teaching and learning process to be carried out in two languages, namely the first language which is usually the mother tongue and the second language such as English. This study aims to conduct a systematic literature review (SLR) to identify the research trends and bilingualism learning strategies used in science education based on previous studies between 2021 and June 2025. This review utilizes two major databases namely Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) and is based on the PRISMA guidelines. A total of 25 articles were selected after going through a process of identification, screening, eligibility and quality assessment using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT). The results show that the qualitative approach is most dominantly used in previous studies while the translanguaging strategy is the most frequently applied approach in the classroom. The study findings also showed the use of bilingual strategies such as code switching, scaffolding and transcription played a role in improving students' scientific understanding, active engagement and confidence levels.