Instrument Validation of Parental Engagement Management Practices in Malaysian Education Setting Using EFA and CFA

Abstract

This research aimed to confirm the validity and reliability of an instrument measuring Parental Engagement Management Practices within the Malaysian education context. This instrument was designed by adapting six types of parental engagement framework and aligning it with the functions of four management processes (planning, organizing, leading, and controlling). A total of 460 samples were involved in this study. Data analysis was conducted in two stages, the first stage using EFA and the second stage using CFA. The EFA findings showed that only 28 items for the four factors obtained high factor loading values. The CFA results also show that the proposed measurement model is consistent with the research data through the model fit index obtained (?2= 657.999 (df= 202, p=0.000), ?2/df= 3.257, CFI= 0.895, RMSEA= 0.090). Convergent validity and construct reliability also reached satisfactory levels. In conclusion, Parental Engagement Management Practices as an instrument is considered a valid and reliable tool for use in future research.