The Impact of Nurses' Work-Life Integration on Nursing Retention in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

The global healthcare system is currently grappling with a severe nursing shortage, making the retention of existing nursing staff a critical priority. This challenge is particularly acute in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), where the healthcare sector relies heavily on a large expatriate workforce and faces persistently high rates of turnover intention. This literature review synthesizes recent academic research (2020–2025) to examine the relationship between nurses' work-life integration (WLI), or the broader concept of Quality of Nursing Work Life (QNWL), and nursing retention within the Saudi Arabian context. The review establishes that WLI is a significant and direct predictor of nurse retention, operating through mechanisms such as enhanced job satisfaction and reduced burnout. Key findings highlight that a majority of nurses in KSA report dissatisfaction with their work life, leading to alarmingly high turnover intentions. Furthermore, the review identifies critical mediating factors, including supportive transformational leadership, a positive work environment, and culturally sensitive policies, as essential for improving WLI and, consequently, retention. The paper concludes with evidence-based recommendations for policymakers and healthcare administrators to implement WLI-focused strategies, such as flexible scheduling and enhanced managerial support, to stabilize the nursing workforce and ensure the sustainability of high-quality patient care in the Kingdom.